genome search | EU-SAGE

Genome-editing techniques are promising tools in plant breeding. To facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the use of genome editing, EU-SAGE developed an interactive, publicly accessible online database of genome-edited crop plants as described in peer-reviewed scientific publications.
The aim of the database is to inform interested stakeholder communities in a transparent manner about the latest evidence about the use of genome editing in crop plants. Different elements including the plant species, traits, techniques, and applications can be filtered in this database.
Regarding the methodology, a literature search in the bibliographic databases and web pages of governmental agencies was conducted using predefined queries in English. Identifying research articles in other languages was not possible due to language barriers. Patents were not screened.
Peer-reviewed articles were screened for relevance and were included in the database based on pre-defined criteria. The main criterium is that the research article should describe a research study of any crop plant in which a trait has been introduced that is relevant from an agricultural and/or food/feed perspective. The database does neither give information on the stage of development of the crop plant, nor on the existence of the intention to develop the described crop plants to be marketed.
This database will be regularly updated. Please contact us via the following webpage in case you would like to inform us about a new scientific study of crops developed for market-oriented agricultural production as a result of genome editing

Displaying 226 results

Traits related to biotic stress tolerance

Fungal resistance: enhanced resistance to Phytophthora infestans. Phytophthora infestans causes late blight disease, which is severely damaging to the global tomato industry
(Hong et al., 2021)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Dalian University of Technology
Beijing Academy of Agriculture &
Forestry Sciences
Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, China

Viral resistance: improved resistance against tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). TYLCV causes significant economic losses in tomato production worldwide.
(Faal et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

Fungal resistance: increased resistance to Erysiphe necator, causing powdery mildew in grape cultivar. The pathogen infects all green tissues and berries, leading to dramatic losses in yield and berry quality.
(Malnoy et al., 2016)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Fondazione Edmund Mach, Italy
ToolGen Inc.
Institute for Basic Science
Seoul National University, South Korea

Viral resistance: resistance to pepper veinal mottle virusin cherry fruit tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme)
(Kuroiwa et al., 2021)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

INRAE
Université Paris-Saclay
Université de Toulouse, France

Increased jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation after wounding and plant resistance to herbivorous insects.
( Sun et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Visual detection of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV), one of the important quarantine pathogens in China. This novel method is specific, rapid, sensitive and does not require special instruments and technical expertise.
( Duan et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, China
Alexandria University, Egypt

Viral resistance: partial resistance to Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV) isolate IC, with plants harboring weak symptoms and low virus loads at the systemic level.
(Moury et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

INRA, France
Université de Tunis El-Manar
Université de Carthage, Tunisia
Université Felix Houphouët-Boigny, Cote d’Ivoire
Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Burkina Faso

Confered resistance to ear rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides.
( Liu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, China

Viral resistance: Resistance to Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), a major threat to the production of tomato.
(Ishikawa et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
Takii and Company Limited, Japan

Viral resistance: resistance to potyvirus potato virus Y (PVY), which causes serious yield loss.
(Kumar et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Agricultural Research Organization, Israel

Viral resistance: Resistance against Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3), which is one of the causal agents of grapevine leafroll disease (GLD). GLD severely impacts grapevine production.
(Jiao et al., 2022)

CRISPR/Cas

Northwest A&
F University, China

Herbicide resistance: pds (phytoene desaturase), ALS (acetolactate synthase), and EPSPS (5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase)
(Yang et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chonnam National University, South Korea

Fungal resistance: increased resistance to southern leaf blight (SLB), caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus (anamorph Bipolaris maydis). SLB is a major foliar disease which causes significant yield losses in maize worldwide.
(Chen et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Northwest A&
F University, China
Corteva AgriscienceTM
USDA-ARS
North Carolina State University, USA

Bacterial resistance: enhanced disease resistance to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infection.
(García-Murillo et al., 2023)

CRISPR/Cas

Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico

Viral resistance: enhanced resistance against chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV). The range of symptoms caused by CpCDV varies from mosaic pattern to streaks to leaf curling and can include browning of the collar region and stunting, foliar chlorosis and necrosis.
(Munir Malik et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of the Punjab
University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Washington State University, USA

Fungal resistance: Increased tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, causing vascular wilt.
(Ijaz et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Agriculture, Pakistan

Resistance to parasitic weed: Phelipanche aegyptiaca. The obligate root parasitic plant causes great damages to important crops and represents one of the most destructive and greatest challenges for the agricultural economy.
(Bari et al., 2021)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Central University of Punjab, India
Newe Ya’ar Research Center
Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Israel

Viral and fungal resistance: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici), diseases which reduce tomato crop yields and cause substantial economic losses each year.
(Pramanik et al., 2021)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Gyeongsang National University
Pusan National University
R&
D Center, Bunongseed Co., South Korea

Fungal resistance: Reduced susceptibility to the powdery mildew pathogen (Oidium neolycopersici), a world-wide disease threatening the production of greenhouse- and field-grown tomatoes.
(Santillán Martínez et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Wageningen University &
Research, The Netherlands

Fungal resistance: enhanced resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator), a major fungal disease, threatening one of the most economically valuable horticular crops.
(Wan et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ministry of Agriculture, China
Northwest A&
F University
University of Maryland College Park, USA

Fungal resistance: decreased susceptibility to Ustilago maydis, causing smut. The pathogen causes galls on all aerial parts of the plant, impacting crop yield and quality.
(Pathi et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Germany

Fungal resistance: higher resistance to Verticillium dahliae infestation. Cotton verticillium wilt/cotton cancer, is a destructive disease, leading to 250-310 million USD economic losses each year in China.
(Zhang et al., 2018)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Fungal resistance: increased resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
(Wang et al., 2018)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Northwest A&
F University and Ministry of Agriculture, China

Fungal resistance: resistance to Oidium neolycopersici, causing powdery mildew.
(Nekrasov et al., 2017)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Germany
Norwich Research Park, UK

Bacterial resistance: resistance to different pathogens including Xanthomonas spp., P. syringae and P. capsici.
(de Toledo Thomazella et al., 2016)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of California, USA

Viral resistance: resistance to pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), causing considerable damage to crop plants.
(Yoon et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Seoul National University
National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, South Korea

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Newe Ya’ar Research Center,
Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Israel
University of California, USA

Fungal resistance: improved resistance to necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea.
(Jeon et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Stanford University, UK
L’Oreal, France
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA

Bacterial resistance: Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000, a widespread pathogen that causes bacterial speck disease of tomato.
(Ortigosa et al., 2019)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientÃficas (CNB-CSIC),Spain

Viral resistance: improved resistance to yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV).
(Tashkandi et al., 2018)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia

Differential resistance to tobamovirus.
( Kravchik et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
( Huang et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Beijing University of Agriculture
Capital Normal University, China

Increased basal immunity and broad spectrum disease resistance.
( Leibman-Markus et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Volcani Institute
Tel Aviv University, Israel

Fungal resistance: strong resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which causes Fusarium Wilt Disease in tomato.
(Debbarma et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
Assam Agricultural University
Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics, India

Fungal resistance: increased resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
(Perk et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

CONICET—Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina

Fungal and bacterial resistance: increased resistance towards the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm) and fungal pathogen Alternaria brassicicola.
(Yung Cha et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Gyeongsang National University, South Korea

Nematode resistance: decreased susceptibility against root-knot nematodes, showing fewer gall and egg masses.
(Noureddine et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Université Côte d’Azur
Université de Toulouse, France
Kumamoto University, Japan

Fungal resistance: effective reduction of susceptibility against downy mildew by increasing salicylic acid levels. The pathogen can devastate individual vineyards and in some cases also affect production from entire regions.
(Giacomelli et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Research and Innovation Centre
Fondazione Edmund Mach, Italy
Enza Zaden
Hudson River Biotechnology, The Netherlands

Visual detection of Fusarium temperatum, the causal agent of maize stalk rot disease which reduces grain yield and threatens food safety and quality.
This simple detection platform allows high-throughput testing with potential for applications in field detection.
( Li et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Jilin University
Jilin Agricultural University
Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, China

Detection of Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a common mycotoxin found in agricultural products. FB1 is highly toxic, which can cause oxidative stress response and has been listed as a class 2B carcinogen. The method wx is highly specific and sensitive for FB1, has a rather simple, convenient and fast workflow.
( Qiao et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Kunming University of Science and Technology, China

Viral resistance: reduced cotton leaf curl viral (CLCuV) load with asymptomatic plants. <br /> CLCuV causes a very devastating and prevalent disease. It causes huge losses to textile and other industries.
(Shakoor et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of the Punjab
University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Pacific Biosciences
CureVac Manufacturing GmbH, Germany

Fungal resistance: Reduced susceptibility to necrotrophic fungi. Necrotrophic fungi, such as Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani, cause severe damage in tomato production.
(Ramirez Gaona et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Wageningen University &
Research, The Netherlands
Takii &
Company Limited, Japan

Rapid detection of toxigenic Fusarium verticillioides, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes Fusarium ear and stalk rot and poses a threat to maize yields. This accurate and portable detection equipment has great potential for detection of the pathogen, even in areas lacking proper lab equipment.
( Liang et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Institute of Food Science and Technology
North Minzu University
School of Food Science and Engineering, China
Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Belgium

Fast and accurate field screening and differentiation of four major Tobamoviruses infecting tomato and pepper. Tomatoviruses are the most important viruses infecting plants and cause huge economic losses to tomato and pepper crops globally.
( Zhao et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine
China Agricultural University, China

Fungal resistance: Decreased susceptibility to Plasmopara viticola, the causing agent of the grapevine downy mildew.
(Djennane et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Université de Strasbourg
Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), France

Effective detection of a resistance-breaking strain of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). TSWV causes a great threat to various food crops globally and can cause devastating epidemics.
( Shymanovich et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

North Carolina State University, USA

Viral resistance: Increased resistance to a potyvirus sugarcane mosaic virus, which causes dwarf mosaic disease in maize, sugarcane and sorghum.
(Xie et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Longping Agriculture Science Co. Ltd.
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yunnan Agricultural University, China

Insect resistance: Apolygus lucorum are less attracted to the plant.
(Teng et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Yunnan University
Shanxi Agricultural University
National Plant Protection Scientific Observation and Experiment Station
Biocentury Transgene (China) Co. Ltd., China

Fungal resistance: Enhanced resistance against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt, which threatens the cotton production world wide.
(Zhao et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Detection method for the geminiviruses, tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, which can cause huge economic losses and pose a threat to sustainable agriculture.
( Mahas et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia

Pospiviroids detection method. Pospiviroids are a major production constraint.
( Zhai et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Washington State University
USDA-ARS, USA

Fungal resistance: More resistance against Bipolaris maydis, the causing agent of Southern corn leaf blight.
(Xie et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Anhui Agricultural University, China

Fungal resistance: increased tolerance to Late Blight disease, which could be devastating to tomato yields.
(Maioli et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Torino, Italy
Ingeniero Fausto Elio/n, Spain
Wageningen University &
Research,

Bacterial resistance: resistance against bacterial spot disease, caused by Xanthomonas species, which could be a devastating to tomato as well as pepper.
(Ortega et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of California
University of Florida, USA

Fungal resistance: Enhanced resistance against powdery mildew, caused by Oidium neolycopersici, which is a major concern for the productivity of tomato plants.
(Li et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Torino, Italy
Wageningen University &
Research, The Netherlands
Shanxi Agricultural University, China

Insect-resistant plant.
( Wang et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University
Huanghuai University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
School of Life Sciences, China

Viral resistance: reduced potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) accumulation and alleviated disease symptoms. PSTVd can threaten tomato production.
(Wei Khoo et al., 2024)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Southwest University
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University
Inner Mongolia Zhongjia Agricultural Biotechnology Co. Ltd., China

Fungal resistance: reduced symptoms caused by a powedry mildew infection.
(Olivares et al., 2021)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

National Institute of Agriculture Research, Chile

Rapid and on-site detection of the mycotoxin zearalenone.
( Pei et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Anhui Agricultural University
China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, China
Queen'
s University Belfast, UK

Traits related to abiotic stress tolerance

Increased drought tolerance: suppresses xylem vessel proliferation, leading to lower water conductance, and reduced water-loss under water-deficit conditions.
(Illouz-Eliaz et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture
The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

Tolerance to salt stress.
( Tran et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Gyeongsang National University, South Korea
College of Agriculture
Bac Lieu University, Vietnam

Enhanced drought tolerance.
( Liu et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Modulate aluminium resistance. Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the main factor inhibiting plant root development and reducing crops yield in acidic soils.
( Zhang et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences
China Agricultural University, China
University of California, USA

Enhanced tolerance to heat stress involving ROS homeostasis. Less severe wilting and less membrane damage, lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents and higher activities and transcript levels of antioxidant enzymes, as well as higher expression of heat shock proteins and genes encoding heat stress transcription factors.
( Yu et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Renmin University of China, China

Higher tolerance to salt and osmotic stress through reduced stomatal conductance coupled with increased leaf relative water content and Abscisic acid (ABA) content under normal and stressful conditions.
( Bouzroud et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Morocco
Université de Toulouse, France
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil

Conferred thermotolerance and the stability of heat shock proteins.
( Huang et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Zhejiang University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China
Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, China

Reduced stomatal density. Intrinsic water-use efficiency was significantly impacted under both well-watered and drought conditions, making reduced stomatal density as a preferable trait.
( Clemens et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of California
San Diego State University, USA

Drought tolerance.
( Njuguna et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ghent University
Center for Plant Systems Biology, Belgium
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

Improved drought tolerance and larger grain yield under drought stress.
( Feng et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China
Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, China

Enhanced drought tolerance.
( Qiu et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Southwest University, China

Enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress.
( Shen et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chongqing University
Yunnan Agricultural University, China

Lower water loss rate under drought conditions.
( Wang et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Gansu Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Enhanced cold tolerance.
( Fan et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Liaocheng University, China

Enhanced drought resistance through decreased stomata density and reduced water loss.
( Lv et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, China

Enhanced drought stress tolerance.
( Yang et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Anhui Agricultural University, China

Improved drought tolerance.
( D'Incà., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University Roma Tre
Universit `a di Trieste
IOAG-BIOTECC.R. Casaccia
Sapienza University of Rome
University of Milano
Roma Tre Section
Instituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB)
National Biodiversity Future Center, Italy

Increased drought-avoidance strategy.
( Maioli et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Torino, Italy
Ingeniero Fausto Elio/n, Spain
Wageningen University &
Research, The Netherlands

Traits related to improved food/feed quality

Low tartaric acid.
( Ren et al., 2016 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Promoted anthocyanin accumulation. Anthocyanins are plant secondary metabolites with a variety of biological functions.
( Tu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Northwest A&
F University, China

Sweeter kernels due to the accumulation of sugar rather than starch and waxy with an altered amylose/amylopectin ratio.
( Dong et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement
Anhui Agricultural University, China

Modified composition: accumulation of fivefold more starch than WT leaves, and more sucrose as well. Architectural changes
(Bezrutczyk et al., 2018)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany
Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Science, USA

Increased carotenoid, lycopene, and β-carotene.
( Hunziker et al., 2020 )

University of Tsukuba
Kobe University
Institute of Vegetable and Floricultural Science
NARO, Japan

Increased gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation by 7 to 15 fold while having variable effects on plant and fruit size and yield. GABA is a nonproteogenic amino acid and has health-promoting functions.
( Nonaka et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Tsukuba, Japan

Increased gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA): 1.34-fold to 3.50-fold increase in GABA accumulation. GABA is a nonprotegeonomic amino acid with health-promoting functions.
(Li et al., 2017)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Enhanced soluble sugar content in tomato fruit. Soluble sugar improves the sweetness and increases tomato sauce yield.
( Wang et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Xinjiang Agricultural University, China

Increased sugar content without decreased fruit weight. Sugar content is one of the most important quality traits of tomato.
( Kawaguchi et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Nagoya University
Kobe University
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
University of Tsukuba, Japan

Aromatic maize.
( Wang et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Shandong Normal University
Bellagen Biotechnology Co. Ltd
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

High fruit malate accumulation. Malate is a primary organic acid in tomato and a crucial compound that contributes to fruit flavor and palatability.
( Ye et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University, China
Cornell University, USA

Important metabolic changes affecting tomato fruit quality. Reduced contents of the anti-nutrient oxalic acid.
( Gago et al., 2017 )

SDN1
ZFN

University of Algarve, Portugal
Centre for Research and Technology Hellas
Technological Educational Institution of Crete, Greece

Reduced phytic acid (PA) synthesis in seeds, PA is an anti-nutritional compound.
( Liang et al., 2013 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Increased tolerance to the heavy metal Cadmium.
( Liu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Zhejiang University
Agricultural Ministry of China, China

Parthenocarpy: seedless tomato. Industrial purposes and direct eating quality.
(Klap et al., 2016)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Agricultural Research Organization, Israel

Seedless tomatoes for industrial purposes and direct eating quality.
( Ueta et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Tokushima University, Japan

Increased gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. GABA is a nonproteogenic amino acid with health-promoting functions.
( Lee et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Increased lycopene content. Lycopene plays a role in treating chronic diseases and lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Enhanced contents of lycopene, phytoene, prolycopene, a-carotene, and lutein.
( Li et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

High-oleic acid content. Oleic acid has better oxidative stability than linoleic acid due to its monounsaturated nature. High levels of linoleic acid reduces the oxidative stability of cottonseed oil, which can cause rancidity, a short shelf life and production of detrimental trans-fatty acids.
( Chen et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Huazhong Agricultural University, China

Waxy phenotype, abolition of amylose.
( Qi et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Glossy phenotype. Reduced epicuticular wax in leaves.
( Char et al., 2015 )

SDN1
TALENs

Iowa State University, USA

Reduced phytic acid (PA) synthesis in seeds, PA is an anti-nutritional compound.
( Liang et al., 2013 )

SDN1
TALENs

Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Alteration of the inositol phosphate profile in developing seeds.
( Shukla et al., 2009 )

SDN1
ZFN

Dow AgroSciences
Sangamo BioSciences, USA

Reduced phytate production + herbicide tolerance. Generation of a dual phenotype through targeted manipulation of a single locus.
( Shukla et al., 2009 )

SDN3
ZFN

Dow AgroScience, USA

Conversion of a normal maize hybrid into a waxy version, a specialty that produces mainly amylopectin starch with special food or industrial values and thus has high economic value.
( Qi et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Anhui Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, China

Increased sugar and amino acid content leading to improved fruit quality.
( Nguyen et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
Food Industries Research Institute, Vietnam
University of Missouri, USA

Large parthenocarpic fruits. Parthenocarpy, also known as seedless fruits, is preferred by consumers and it ensures consistent fruit yield in variable environmental conditions.
( Hu et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Duke University, USA

Increased flavonoid content. Flavonoids play a role in fruit colour and are important for human health as favourable hydrophilic antioxidants.
( Zhou et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Increased lysine content with recovered kernel hardness. Lysine is considered of great nutritional importance in animal feeds and human foods.
( Hurst et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Center for Plant Science Innovation
University of Missouri-Columbia, USA

Improvement of of functional compounds in tomato fruit, which satisfies the antioxidant properties requirements.
( Kim et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Hankyong National University
Chungbuk National University, South Korea

Increased amylose and resistant starch. In food products, high amylose content and long amylopectin chains contribute to a low glycaemic index (GI) after intake, playing a role in health benefits.
( Ma et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab
Anhui Agricultural University
Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Traits related to increased plant yield and growth

Increased fruit size. Highly branched inflorescence and formation of multiple flowers.
( Rodriguez-Leal et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA

Improved root growth under high and low nitrogen conditions.
( Wang et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Anhui Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Increased grain yield under field drought stress conditions and no yield loss under well-watered conditions.
( Shi et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

DuPont Pioneer, USA

Early flowering under long day conditions of higher latitudes to spread production of maize over a broad range of latitudes rapidly.
( Huang et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Wisconsin, USA

Haploid induction to accelerate breeding in crop plants.
( Kelliher et al., 2017 )

SDN1
TALENs

Syngenta Seeds, USA

Enhancing grain-yield-related traits by increases in meristem size
( Liu et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA

Improved field performance: higher yield, producing on average 5.5 bushels per acre more. Waxy corn.
(Gao et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Corteva Agriscience, USA

Regulating fruit ripening, one of the most important concerns in the study of fleshy fruit species.
( Ito et al., 2015 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

National Food Research Institute, Japan

Bigger seedlings.
( Lor et al., 2014 )

SDN1
TALENs

University of Minnesota, USA

Early flowering. Day-light sensitivity limited the geographical range of cultivation.
( Soyk et al., 2016 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, USA
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany
Université Paris-Scalay, France

Promote growth of axillary buds. Lateral branches develop from the axillary buds. The number of side branches is very important to plant architecture, which influences the yield and quality of the plant.
( Li et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Guizhou University
Northwest A&
F University
Shandong Agricultural University
Northeast Agricultural University
Shanxi University, China
Oxford University
University of Bedfordshire, UK

Control meristem size to increase fruit yield.
( Yuste-Lisbona et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Universidad de Almería
Universitat Politècnica de València–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
Spain
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Germany
Université Paris-Saclay, France

Plant development. Phenotypes consistent with increased GA response: tall and slender with light green vegetation.
(Lor et al., 2014)

SDN1
TALENs

University of Minnesota, USA
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

Regulated inflorescence and flower development. More flowers and more fruit produced upon vibration-assisted fertilization.
( Hu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Université de Toulouse, France
Chongqing University, China

Increase in floral organ number or fruit size, conferring enhanced tomato fruit yield.
( Rodriguez-Leal et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA

Helical and vine-like growth. Helical growth is an economical way for plant to obtain resources.
( Yang et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University, China

Combine agronomically desirable traits with useful traits present in wild lines. Threefold increase in fruit size and a tenfold increase in fruit number. Fruit lycopene accumulation is improved by 500% compared with the widely cultivated S. lycopersicum.
( Zsögön et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Universidade de São Paulo Paulo, Brazil
University of Minnesota, USA
Universität Münster, Germany

Customize tomato cultivars for urban agriculture: increased compactness and decreased growth cycle of tomato plants.
(Kwon et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cornell University
University of Florida, USA
Wonkwang University, South Korea
Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Optimum increase in phloem-transportation capacity leads to improved sink strength in tomato to increase agricultural crop production.
( Nam et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Pohang University of Science and Technology
Wonkwang University, South Korea

Increased plant yield due to architectural changes. Leaf inclination: maize plants with upright leaves can be planted at higher densities without shading.
(Brekke et al., 2011)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Iowa State University, USA

Increased bending strength. Stalk lodging, which is generally determined by stalk strength, results in considerable yield loss and has become a primary threat to maize yield under high-density planting.
( Zhang et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China
Iowa State University, USA

Increased density by early-flowering phenotype under long-day conditions.
( Li et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Shandong Agricultural University
South China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, China

Semi-dwarf phenotype with increased lodging resistance.
( Zhang et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Dwarf phenotype. Tomatoes with compact growth habits and reduced plant height can be useful in some environments.
( Tomlinson et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Norwich Research Park, UK
University of Minnesota, USA

Rapid improvement of domestication traits and genes that control plant architecture, flower production and fruit size. Major productivity traits are improved in an orphan crop.
( Lemmon et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Cold Spring Harbor
The Boyce Thompson Institute
Cornell University, USA

Dwarf phenotype to improve crop yield: lodging-resistant, compact, and perform well under high-density planting.
(Sun et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Shenyang Agricultural University
National &
Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design &
Application Technology
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, China

Increased tassel branch number (TBN), one of the important agronomic traits that contribute to the efficiency of seed production.
( Guan et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Enhanced sink strength in tomato, improving fruit setting, and yield contents.
( Nam et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Pohang University of Science and Technology
Wonkwang University, South Korea

Regulated sepal growth
( Xing et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhejiang University, China
University of Nottingham, UK

Production of enlarged, dome-shaped leaves. Enlarged fruits with increased pericarp thickness due to cell expansion.
( Swinnen et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ghent University
Center for Plant Systems Biology, Vives, Belgium
Université de Bordeaux, France

More flowers in both determinate and indeterminate cultivars and more produced fruit.
( Hu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Université de Toulouse
Université Bordeaux, France
Chongqing University, China

Larger fruits with more locules and larger shoot apical meristem.
( Song et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

South China Agricultural University, China
University of Toulouse, France

Increased pollen activity, subsequently inducing fruit setting.
( Wu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

South China Agricultural University
Chongqing University, China
Université de Toulouse, France

Increased water use efficiency, a promising approach for achieving sustainable crop production in changing climate scenarios.
( Blankenagel et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Technical University of Munich
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology
Helmholtz Center Munich
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany

Improves complex traits such as yield and drought tolerance.
( Lorenzo et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Center for Plant Systems Biology
Ghent University
Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Belgium

Increased total kernel number or kernel weight.
( Kelliher et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Research Triangle Park
University of Georgia, USA
Syngenta Crop Protection, The Netherlands

Shortened plant architecture and jointless pedicel without affecting the yield. This plant architecture can allow ground cultivation systems that do not require the support of stakes and ties and could be ultimately suitable for once-over mechanical harvesting.
( Lee et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Florida, USA

Elongated, occasionally peanut-like shaped fruit.
( Zheng et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Nagoya University
Kanazawa University, Japan
Huazhong Agricultural University, China

Dwarf phenotype. Tomatoes with compact growth habits and reduced plant height can be useful in some environments.
( Ao et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chongqing University, China

Increased shoot branching. The number of side branches is very important to plant architecture, which influences the yield and quality of the plant.
( Chen et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Zhejiang University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, China

Enlarged grain phenotype.
( Wang et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Henan Agricultural University, China

Early flowering phenotype with no adverse effect on yield.
( Shang et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
University of Nottingham, UK

Altered branch and petiole angles.
( Kangben et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Clemson University
HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Cotton incorporated, USA

Delayed onset of ripening.
( Nizampatnam et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Hyderabad
SRM University-AP, India

Elongated fruit morphology.
( Zhang et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China

Traits related to industrial utilization

Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas.
( Fang et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Science and Technology Beijing
Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., China

CRISPR/Cas

Sichuan Agricultural University
Chengdu Agricultural College
Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, China

Enhanced haploid induction. Double haploid breeding based on in vivo haploid induction has been extensively used in maize breeding. The production of haploids depends on haploid inducers.
( Zhong et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Haploid induction.
( Li et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Longping Agriculture Science Co. Ltd., China

Accelerated abscission. Plant organ abscission is a process important for development and reproductive success,
( Liu et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Shenyang Agricultural University
Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, China
University of California at Davis
Crops Pathology and Genetic Research Unit, USA

Male sterility: mutants did not produce pollen and induced a parthenocarpic fruit set.
(Gökdemir et al., 2022)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ondokuz Mayıs University
Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey

Parthenocarpy: seedless tomatoes
(Nieves-Cordones et al., 2020)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Spain

Guidance for creating male-sterile lines to facilitate hybrid cotton production. Exploit heterosis for improvement of cotton.
( Ma et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University
Huanggang Normal University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas.
( Bao et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Yunnan Agricultural University
Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, China

Generating male sterility lines (MLS) and enhanced tolerance against drought stress. Using MLS in hybrid seed production reduces costs and ensures high purity of the varieties because it does not produce pollen and has exserted stigmas.
( Secgin et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ondokuz Mayıs University
Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey
Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt

Induction of haploid plants for the development of good inbred lines for efficient and fast breeding.
( Liu et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Generation of male sterile (MS) lines. MS is a useful tool to harness hybrid vigor for hybrid seed production.
( Chen et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
China Agricultural University, China

Jointless tomatoes. Pedicel abscission is an important agronomic factor that controls yield and post-harvest fruit quality. In tomato, floral stems that remain attached to harvested fruits during picking mechanically damage the fruits during transportation, decreasing the fruit quality for fresh-market tomatoes and the pulp quality for processing tomatoes.
( Roldan et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), France
University of Liège, Belgium

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

DuPont Pioneer, USA

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Science and Technology
Beijing, China
Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, China

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Hairy root transformation. Hairy roots play a role in multiple processes, ranging from recombinant protein production and metabolic engineering to analyses of rhizosphere physiology and biochemistry.
( Ron et al., 2014 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of California
Emory University, USA
University of Cambridge, UK

Male sterility for hybrid seed production reduces costs and ensures high varietal purity.
( Du et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, China

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Hankyong National University
Hanyang University
Sunchon National University
Chungbuk National University
Tomato Research Center, South Korea

Increasing cross over frequency. Cross over formation during meiosis is essential for crop breeding to introduce favourable alleles controlling important traits from wild relatives into crops.
( de Maagd et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Wageningen University &
Research, The Netherlands

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Northwest A&
F University
Xi’an Jinpeng Seedlings Co. Ltd.
Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, China

Trait stacking. Modern agriculture demands crops carrying multiple traits.
( Ainley et al., 2013 )

SDN1
ZFN

Dow AgroSciences LLC
Sangamo BioSciences, Inc., USA

Domestication: Conferred domesticated phenotypes yet retained parental disease resistance (predominately Xanthomonas perforans), and salt tolerance.
(Li et al., 2018)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Haploid induction to accelerate breeding in crop plants.
( Rangari et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Punjab Agricultural University, India

Pollen Self-Elimination, which prevents pollen transgene dispersal.
( Wang et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Northwest A&
F University
Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab
Henan Jinyuan Seed Industry Co., China
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico

Doubled haploids with increased leaf size. Doubled haploid technology is used to obtain homozygous lines in a single generation. This technique significantly accelerates the crop breeding trajectory.
( Impens et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Ghent University
VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology
Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Belgium

Generating male sterility lines (MLS). Using MLS in hybrid seed production reduces costs and ensures high seed purity during hybrid seed production.
( Zhou et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Chinese Academy of Sciences
China Agricultural University, China

Improved pollen viability.
( Lv et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Mianyang Normal University
South China Agricultural University, China

Dwarf plants that retain favourable fruit traits.
( Nagamine et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Tsukuba, Japan

Male sterility.
( Djukanovic et al., 2013 )

I-CreI

DuPont/Pioneer Agricultural Biotechnology
Precision Biosciences, USA

Traits related to herbicide tolerance

Resistance to imidazolinone herbicides.
( Zhu et al., 2000 )

ODM

Novartis Agricultural Discovery Institute
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA

Herbicide resistance: acetolactate synthase (ALS)
(Jiang et al., 2020)

China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Henan University, China

Bialaphos & quizalofop.
( Shukla et al., 2009 )

SDN3
ZFN

Dow AgroSciences
Sangamo BioSciences, USA

Resistance to either imidazolinone or sulfonylurea herbicides
( Zhu et al., 1999 )

ODM

Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA

Resistance to herbicides that inhibit 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), acetolactate synthase (ALS), or acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) activity.
( Qiao et al., 2022 )

China Agricultural University
Henan University, China

Glyphosate & hppd inhibitor herbicides, for example tembotrione
( D'Halluin et al., 2013 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

Bayer CropScience N.V, Belgium

Chlorsulfuron
( Svitashev et al., 2016 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

DuPont Pioneer, USA

Imidazolinone & sulfonylurea
( Zhu et al., 1999 )

ODM

Pioneer Hi-Bred International, USA

Chlorsulfuron
( Svitashev et al., 2015 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

DuPont Pioneer, USA

Sulfonylurea
( Li et al., 2019 )

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Qingdao Agricultural University
Anhui Agricultural University, China

Chlorsulfuron
( Veillet et al., 2019 )

Université Rennes 1
INRA PACA
Université Paris-Saclay, France

Chlorsulfuron resistance.
( Huang et al., 2023 )

University of Florida, USA

Increased herbicide tolerance.
( Kaul et al., 2024 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB)
Indian Council of Agricultural Research- Indian Institute of Maize Research
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management

Traits related to product color/flavour

Tomatoes with different fruit colors, including yellow, brown, pink, light-yellow, pink-brown, yellow-green, and light green.
( Yang et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China

Fine-tuned anthocyanin biosynthesis.
( )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Northeast Forestry University, Horticultural Sub-academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Wonsan University of Agriculture, South Korea

Fine-tuning anthocyanin content.
( Yan et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

South China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China

Varieties with chemical and sensorial variation, spread along a major gradient ranging between sweet, spicy, fresh and typical tomato flavors.
( Tikunov et al., 2020 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Wageningen University and Research
The Netherlands

Brown color and increased sugar content.
( Kim et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Hankyong National University
Korea Polar Research Institute
Seoul National University College of Medicine
Chungbuk National University, South Korea

Fruit color: tangerine
(Ben Shlush et al., 2021)

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Colour modification. Purple tomatoes.
( Cermak et al., 2015 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

University of Minnesota, USA
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic

Crop modification: albino phenotype.
(Wang et al., 2017)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University, China
University of Pennsylvania, USA

Yellow and orange fruit color.
( Dahan-Meir et al., 2018 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Pink fruit color.
( Deng et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Color modification: pink tomatoes.
(Yang et al., 2019)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Huazhong Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China

Colour modification. Purple tomatoes.
( Cermak et al., 2015 )

SDN2
TALENs

University of Minnesota, USA
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic

Increased content of phenylacetaldehyde, sucrose and fructose, which are major contributors to flavor in many foods, including tomato.
( Li et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Florida, USA
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Germany

Adjusted fruit colors and flavours such as increased glucose or fructose content.
( Jia et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Jiangxi Agricultural University
Anhui Agricultural University
Research Centre for Biological Breeding Technology
Zhejiang University
Southern University of Science and Technology, China

Improved fruit ripening and increased fruit firmness at the red ripe stage.
( Zhang et al., 2024 )

SDN2
CRISPR/Cas

Henan Agricultural University
Huazhong Agricultural University, China

Enriched aroma.
( Bian et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Zhejiang University
Peking University
Chongqing University
Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Zhejiang University School of Medicine
Southwest University
Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, China

Traits related to storage performance

Altering tomato fruit ripening and softening, key traits for fleshy fruit. During ripening, fruit will gradually soften which is largely the result of fruit cell wall degradation. Softening may improve the edible quality of fruit but also reduces fruit resistance to pathogenic microorganisms. Fruit softening can cause mechanical damage during storage and transportation as well, which can reduce the storage and shelf life, leading to fruit loss.
( Gao et al., 2021 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
South China Agricultural University
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Zhejiang University
Beijing University of Agriculture, China
University of Nottingham, UK

Repressed fruit ripening by repressing ethylene production and lycopene accumulation.
( Li et al., 2018 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University, China

Delayed fruit ripening.
( Li et al., 2022 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Nanjing Agricultural University, China
University of Connecticut, USA

Improved shelf life.
( Yu et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, China

Controlling the rate of fruit softening to extend shelf life.
( Uluisik et al., 2016 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of Nottingham
Royal Holloway University of London
Heygates Ltd
Syngenta Seeds
Sutton Bonington Campus, UK
Syngenta Crop Protection
University of California
Cornell University
Skidmore College, USA

Improved shelf-life by targeting the genes modulating pectin degradation in ripening tomato.
( Wang et al., 2019 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of London
University of Leicester
University of Nottingham
University of Leeds, UK
International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
University of California, USA

Delayed fruit ripening.
( Lang et al., 2017 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Purdue University, USA

Delayed fruit inner ripening.
( Ao et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Chongqing University, China

Improved shelf-life with improved or not affected sugar: acid ratio, aroma volatiles, and skin color.
(Ortega-Salazar et al., 2023)

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

University of California, USA
Zhejiang Normal University, China
University of Nottingham, UK

Decreased postharvest water loss with a 17–30% increase in wax accumulation.
( Chen et al., 2023 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

China Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
University of Nottingham, UK

Delayed onset of riping.
( Jeon et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Kyungpook National University
Sunchon National University, South Korea

Enhanced storage potential of ripening fruits.
( Do et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Kyungpook National University
Sunchon National University
Catholic University of Korea, South Korea

Delayed colour change of fruits.
( Li et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Gansu Agricultural University
Guangxi University
Yangtze University, China

Improved fruit firmness which extends the shelf life.
( Yuan et al., 2024 )

SDN1
CRISPR/Cas

Sichuan University, China

Traits categories

Genome Editing Technique

Countries

Plant

Sdn Type

Traits related to biotic stress tolerance

Traits related to abiotic stress tolerance

Traits related to improved food/feed quality

Traits related to increased plant yield and growth

Traits related to industrial utilization

Traits related to herbicide tolerance

Traits related to product color/flavour

Traits related to storage performance